Chapter 10 - Life in Deserts Extra Questions
Multiple Choice Questions1. Which region is characterised by extremely high or low temperature and has scarce vegetation?
a) Desert
b) Fertile land
c) Grassland
d) None of these
Answer: a) Desert
2. How many countries touch Sahara desert?
a) 11
b) 12
c) 10
d) 9
Answer: a) 11
3. What was the maximum temperature recorded at Al-Azizia in south of Tripoli in Sahara desert in 1922?
a) 48°C
b) 48.7°C
c) 57.7°C
d) 39.7°C
Answer: c) 57.7°C
4. The maximum temperature of Sahara during day time is about 50°C and at nights it is
a) 0°C
b) 60°C
c) 100°C
d) 1°C
Answer: a) 0°C
5. Which crop is famous in Egypt?
a) Maize
b) Wheat
c) Cotton
d) None of these
Answer: c) Cotton
6. What is the area of Sahara Desert?
a) 8.54 million sq. km
b) 54 million sq. km
c) 7.54 million sq. km
d) 8.45 million sq. km
Answer: a) 8.54 million sq. km
7. Which of the following country touch the Sahara Desert?
a) Australia
b) Canada
c) China
d) Morocco
Answer: d) Morocco
8. What are two words by which Ladakh is made of?
a) La and Dak
b) Lad and hakh
c) Option a) and b)
d) None of these
Answer: a) La and Dak
9. What is the capital of Ladakh?
a) Tokyo
b) New York
c) Stockholm
d) Leh
Answer: d) Leh
10. What is the other name of Ladakh?
a) Indus
b) Kargil
c) Khapa-chan
d) Karakoram
Answer: c) Khapa-chan
11. Which of the following birds are sighted in Ladakh?
a) Robin
b) Redstarts
c) Option a) and b)
d) None of these
Answer: c) Option a) and b)
12. Hemis in the Ladakh is a famous
a) monastery
b) church
c) temple
d) mosque
Answer: a) monastery
13. The Tibetan antelope is also known as
a) Chiru
b) Lion
c) Tiger
d) None of these
Answer: a) Chiru
14. Shahtoosh is obtained from which of the following animals?
a) Goat
b) Tibetan antelope
c) Elephant
d) Dog
Answer: b) Tibetan antelope
15. Sahara is located in which part of Africa
a) eastern
b) northern
c) western
d) southern
Answer: b) northern
16. Sahara is what type of desert
a) cold
b) hot
c) mild
d) None of these
Answer: b) hot
17. The Ladakh desert is mainly inhabited by
a) Christians and Muslims
b) Buddhists and Muslims
c) Christians and Buddhists
d) None of these
Answer: b) Buddhists and Muslims
Answer the following questions:
18. Define the term desert with example.
Answer: It is an arid region with extreme temperatures and scarce vegetation. For example, Sahara and Ladakh.
19. Discuss the situation and location of Sahara Desert.
Answer:
• It is the largest desert of the world.
• It has an area of around 8.54 million square kilometre.
• It is almost 2.5 times larger than the total geographical area of India (3.2 million square kilometre)
• The Sahara Desert covers eleven countries. They are Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Sudan, Tunisia and Western Sahara.
• The Sahara desert is covered with gravel plains and elevated plateaus with bare rocky surface. These rocky surfaces may be more than 2500 m high at some places.
20. Give an account of the climate of Sahara Desert.
Answer:
• The climate of the Sahara desert is scorching hot and parch dry.
• It has a short rainy season.
• The sky is cloudless and clear.
• Here, the moisture evaporates faster than it accumulates.
• Days are unbelievably hot.
• The temperatures during the day may soar as high as 50°C, heating up the sand and the bare rocks, which in turn radiates heat making everything around hot.
• The nights may be freezing cold with temperatures nearing zero degrees.
21. Which place in the Sahara desert recorded the highest temperature in 1922?
Answer: Al Azizia in the Sahara desert, south of Tripoli, Libya recorded the highest temperature of 57.7°C in 1922.
22. Write in brief about flora and fauna of Sahara desert.
Answer:
• Vegetation in the Sahara desert includes cactus, date palms and acacia.
• In some places there are oasis - green islands with date palms surrounding them.
• Camels, hyenas, jackals, foxes, scorpions, many varieties of snakes and lizards are the prominent animal species living there.
23. Describe the people of the Sahara desert. Also write about their activities.
Answer:
• The Sahara desert experiences a harsh climate.
• Despite that various groups of people such as the Bedouins and Tuaregs live here.
• These are nomadic tribes who pursue different activities.
• They rear animals such as goats, sheep, camels and horses.
• They get milk and hides from these animals.
• They prepare leather from hides.
• They use the hair of these animals in making mats, carpets, clothes and blankets.
• The people of the Sahara desert wear heavy robes to protect themselves from the dust storms and hot winds.
• The oasis in the Sahara desert and the Nile valley in Egypt support the settled population.
• Since water is available, people grow date palms. They also grow rice, wheat, barley and beans.
• The Sahara is undergoing change with fast speed.
• Tuaregs, the nomadic tribe, are now acting as guides to foreign tourists.
• More and more nomadic herdsmen are migrating to cities in search of jobs in oil and gas operations.
24. What are depressions?
Answer: Depressions are formed when the wind blows away the sands. In the depressions where underground water reaches the surface, an oasis is formed. These areas are fertile. People may settle around these water bodies and grow date palms and other crops. Sometimes the oasis may be abnormally large.
25. What is the largest oasis in Sahara Desert? Mention its area.
Answer: Tafilalet Oasis in Morocco is a large oasis with an area of about 13,000 sq.km.
24. Which areas in the Sahara supports settled life and how?
Answer:
• The oasis in the Sahara and the Nile Valley in Egypt support settled population.
• Since water is available people grow date palms.
• Other crops like rice, wheat, barley and beans are grown.
• Egyptian cotton is famous worldwide. It is grown in Egypt.
• The discovery of oil in Algeria, Libya and Egypt is constantly transforming the Sahara desert.
Other minerals of the area are iron, phosphorus, manganese and uranium.
25. What are the climatic conditions of Ladakh desert?
Answer: The climate of the Ladakh desert is extremely cold and dry due to its high altitude which varies from about 3,000 m in Kargil to more than 8,000 m in Karakoram. The air at this altitude is so thin that the heat of the sun can be felt intensely. The day temperatures in summer are just above zero degrees and the night temperatures are below -30 degrees celsius. Winters are extremely cold with temperatures below -40 degree celsius most of the time. There is very little rainfall in this region. It is as low as 10 cm every year. The area experiences freezing winds and burning hot sunlight. There is always a chance of sunstroke and frostbite at the same time.
26. What mainly attracts tourists to Ladakh?
Answer: Ladakh is a famous tourist place. The tourists within the country and abroad enjoy visiting Buddhist monasteries that dot the Ladakhi landscape with their traditional gompas. The meadows and glaciers in Ladakh also attract these tourists. The ceremonies and festivities in which local people keep themselves engaged during winter months are great attractions to the tourists.
27. Mention the summer and winter activities of the people of the Ladakh desert?
Answer: In the summer season the people of the Ladakh desert are busy in cultivation work. They grow crops such as barley, potatoes, peas, beans and turnip. The climate during winters is very harsh and people keep themselves engaged in festivities and ceremonies. The women manage the house and fields with great efficiency. They also manage small businesses and shops.
28. Where is Ladakh desert located?
Answer: Ladakh is located in the Great Himalayas on the eastern side of Jammu and Kashmir.
29. What flora and fauna are found in Ladakh?
Answer:
• Due to dryness, vegetation is sparse. There are very sparse patches of grasses and shrubs for animals to graze.
• Groves of willows and poplars are found in the valleys.
• During summers, fruit trees like apples, apricots and walnuts bloom.
• Several species of birds are sighted in Ladakh.
• Robins, Redstarts, Tibetan Snowcock, Raven and Hoopoe are common.
• Some of these are migratory birds.
• The animals of Ladakh are the wild goats, wild sheep, yak and special kinds of dogs.
• The animals provide milk, meat and hides. The yak’s milk is used to make cheese and butter. The hair of the sheep and goat is used to make woollen clothes. The Chiru or the Tibetan antelope is an endangered species. It is hunted for its wool known as shahtoosh. The wool is light in weight and extremely warm.
30. Name the 4 passes which the Manali-Leh highway crosses.
Answer: Manali-Leh Highway crosses four passes - Rohtang la, Baralacha la, Lungalacha la and Tanglang la.
31. What is major activity in Ladakh?
Answer: Tourism is a major activity. Several tourists stream in here from within India and abroad. Visits to the gompas, treks to see the meadows and glaciers, witnessing ceremonies and festivities are important activities of the Ladakh people. Life of people has now undergone a change due to modernisation. The people of Ladakh have over the centuries learnt to live in balance and harmony with nature. Due to scarcity of resources like water and fuel, they are used with reverence and care. Nothing is discarded or wasted.
Fill in the blanks
31. Sahara desert touches the boundaries of 11 countries.
32. Al Azizia in the Sahara desert, south of Tripoli, Libya recorded the highest temperature of 57.7°C in 1922.
33. Depressions are formed when the wind blows away the sands.
34. The People of Sahara wear heavy robes as a protection against dust storms and hot winds.
35. Ladakh is enclosed by the Karakoram range in the north.
36. Yak’s milk is used to make butter and cheese.
37. Leh is connected to Kashmir through Zoji la Pass.
38. Indus is the most important river of Ladakh.
39. Tafilalet Oasis is located in Morocco.
40. Ladakh is made up of two words - ‘La’ meaning “mountain pass” and ‘Dak’ meaning “country”.
41. Ladakh is also known as Khapa-chan.
42. Khapa-chan means snow land.
43. The Tibetan antelope is also known as Chiru.
44. Manali - Leh highway crosses four passes, Rohtang la, Baralacha la, Lungalacha la and Tanglang la.
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