NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 1 - Environment

Chapter 1 - Environment

Question 1: Answer the following questions.
i) What is an ecosystem?
Answer: An ecosystem is a system formed as a result of interaction between all living organisms with each other and physical and chemical factors of the environment in which they live.

ii) What do you mean by the natural environment?
Answer: Natural environment consists of land, water, air, plants, and animals. Thus natural environment refers to biotic (plants and animal) and abiotic (land) conditions that exist on the Earth.

iii) Which are the major components of the environment?
Answer: The major components of environment are natural (land, air, water, living things), human made (building, parks, bridges, roads, industries, monuments etc.) and human (individual, family, community, religion, educational, economics etc.).

iv) Give four examples of human made environment.
Answer: Four examples of human made environment are buildings, parks, roads, industries, monuments etc.

v) What is lithosphere?
Answer: Lithosphere is a solid crust or the hard top layer of the Earth. It is made up of rocks and mineral and covered by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular surface with various land forms such as mountains, plateaus and valleys etc.

vi) Which are the two major components of biotic environment?
Answer: Plants and animals are the 2 components of biotic component.

vii) What is biosphere?
Answer: Biosphere is a narrow zone of the Earth were land, water, and air interact with each other to support life. Thus, plants and animal kingdom together make biosphere i.e. the living world.

Question 2: Tick the correct answer.
i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
a) Desert
b) Aquarium
c) Forest
Answer: b) Aquarium

ii) Which is not a component of human environment?
a) Land
b) Religion
c) Community
Answer: a) Land

iii) Which is a human made environment?
a) Mountain
b) Sea
c) Road
Answer: c) Road

iv) Which is a threat to environment?
a) Growing plant
b) Growing population
c) Growing crops
Answer: b) Growing population

Question 3: Match the following.

Answer:

Question 4: Give reasons.
i) Man modifies his environment.
Answer: Man modifies his environment to fulfill his needs and make his life comfortable. He also modifies his environment to adapt himself to natural surroundings.

ii) Plants and animals depend on each other.
Answer: Plants and animals depend on each other for their own sake. Plants release oxygen that animal breathe and absorb carbon dioxide that animals release.