Chapter 1 - On Equality Notes
1. In a democratic country, like India all adults irrespective their religion, education, caste, rich or poor are allowed to vote. This is called Universal Adult Franchise. The idea of Universal Adult Franchise is based on the idea of equality.
2. When people are treated unequally, their dignity is violated.
3. The Indian Constitution recognizes every person as equal. This means that every individual in the country is recognized equal irrespective of castes, religion, or any background.
4. Some of the provisions in the Constitution-
→ Every person is equal before the law;
→ No person can be discriminated against on the basis of their religion, race, caste, place of birth or whether they are female or male;
→ Every person has access to all public places including playgrounds, hotels, shops, markets, wells, roads etc.
→ Untouchability has been abolished.
5. The government has also set up several schemes to improve the lives of communities and individuals who have been treated unequally for several centuries including mid-day meal scheme. This scheme was very first time started in the State of Tamil Nadu in the year 2001.
6. In many democratic countries around the world, the issue of equality continues to be the key issue including USA, where the Civil Rights Act was enacted in 1964 after a long Civil Rights Movement.
7. Universal Adult Franchise is a very important aspect of democratic societies. It means that all adult (those who are 18 and above) citizens have the right to vote irrespective of their social or economic backgrounds.
8. Dignity refers to thinking of oneself and other persons as worthy of respect.
9. Constitution is a document that lays down the basic rules and regulations for people and the government in the country to follow.
10. Civil Rights Movement is a movement that began in USA in 1950s in which African - American people demanded equal rights and an end to racial discrimination.
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