Chapter 7 - Human Environment - Settlement, Transport and Communication Extra Questions
Multiple Choice Questions1. Which type of settlement is occupied for a short time?
a) Permanent settlements
b) Temporary settlements
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
Answer: b) Temporary settlements
2. _____ are places where people build their homes.
a) Settlements
b) Forests
c) House
d) Office
Answer: a) Settlements
3. The natural conditions for selection of an ideal site are
a) favourite climate
b) availability of water
c) suitable land
d) All of these
Answer: All of these
4. In which environment do people build slanting roofs of their houses?
a) Heavy rainfall
b) Bright sun light
c) Heavy cold
d) None of these
Answer: a) Heavy rainfall
5. In which of the following settlements are the people engaged in activities like fishing, agriculture, craftswork etc.?
a) Rural settlements
b) Urban settlements
c) Option a) and b)
d) None of these
Answer: a) Rural settlements
6. The reason why people move from one place to other is
a) For jobs
b) For better education
c) For medical facilities
d) All of these
Answer: d) All of these
7. Roads built underground are called
a) subways
b) expressways
c) airways
d) flyovers
Answer: subways
8. Which country has the largest railway network in Asia?
a) South Korea
b) India
c) Indonesia
d) Japan
Answer: b) India
9. Which of the following transport is used to reach an island?
a) Bike
b) Ship
c) Car
d) Bus
Answer: b) Ship
10. Which is the best means to transport to reach inaccessible areas?
a) Airways
b) Waterways
c) Railways
d) Roadways
Answer: a) Airways
11. Which one of the following is a means of communication?
a) Table
b) Mobile phone
c) Shoe
d) Teddy Bears
Answer: b) Mobile phone
12. The __________ is the longest railway system connecting St. Petersburg in Western Russia to Vladivostok on the Pacific coast.
a) Trans-Siberian Railway
b) US Railway
c) Both of these
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Trans-Siberian Railway
13. Which vehicle does NOT pollute the Environment?
a) Cycle
b) Bus
c) Aeroplane
d) Automobiles
Answer: a) Cycle
Answer the following questions
14. How did early human beings depend entirely on nature?
Answer: Early human beings depended entirely on nature for food, clothing and shelter.
15. What do you understand by the term ‘settlement’?
Answer: The term ‘Settlements’ means the places where human beings built their homes. Before human beings lived in forests and in caves, but with time and advancement in vegetation, humans made homes to create settlements.
16. How have the settlements changed over a period of time?
Answer: Settlements are places where people build homes and live. They have changed over a period of time due to many other changes:
• Early man lived in caves and under trees and with the beginning of agriculture more permanent settlements were developed.
• The settlements grew near the river valleys due to availability of water and fertile soil.
• With the growth of trade and industries these settlements became larger leading to development of civilization.
• With the growth in technology these settlements further grew.
17. What is a site? Which factors help to select a site for settlement?
Answer: The place where a building or a settlement is developed is called a site.
The factors for selecting a site for settlement are:
• Favourable climate
• Availability of water, electricity
• Land for cultivation and construction
• Fertile soil
• Availability of other resource.
18. Explain the 2 types of settlements.
Answer: Settlements are of two types on the basis of period of their occupation. They are Permanent and Temporary. Settlements which are occupied for a short time are called temporary settlements. The people living in deep forests, hot and cold deserts and mountains often dwell in such temporary settlements. They practice hunting, gathering, shifting cultivation and transhumance. However more and more settlements today are permanent settlements. In these settlements, people build homes to live in.
19. Define the term transhumance.
Answer: Transhumance is the seasonal movement of people specially nomads, who shift along with their herd in search of a place according to change in climate.
20. What is the reason behind increased urban population?
Answer: The reason behind increased urban population is because people come looking for jobs, better education and medical facilities.
21. How does rise in population affect the city?
Answer: Rise in population in cities due to availability of facilities is creating problems also:
• This leads to increase in number of vehicles and therefore traffic jams.
• Increase in slum dwelling and squatter settlements and unhygienic conditions.
• Shortage of water, power and other resources.
• Pollution because of vehicles and excess of garbage.
22. Name the means of transport.
Answer: Four means of Transport are Roadways, Railways, Waterways, Airways.
23. Describe roadways as a means of transport.
Answer: The most commonly used means of transport especially for short distances are roads. They can be metalled (pucca) and unmetalled (kutcha). The plains have a dense network of roads. Roads have also been build in terrains like deserts, forests and even high mountains. Manali-Leh highway in the Himlayan Mountains is one of the highest roadways in the world. Roads built underground are called subways/under paths. Flyovers are built over raised structures.
24. Give an account for Railways as a means of land transport.
Answer: The railways carry heavy goods and people over long distances quickly and cheaply. The invention of the steam engine and the Industrial Revolution helped in speedy development of rail transport. Diesel and electric engines have largely replaced the steam engines. In places superfast trains have been introduced to make the journey faster. The railway network is well developed over the plain areas. Advanced technological skills have enabled laying of railway lines in difficult mountain terrains also. But these are much fewer in number. Indian railway network is well developed. It is the largest in Asia.
25. Give an account of Airways as a means of transport.
Answer: This is the fastest way of transport developed in early twentieth century. It is also the most expensive due to high cost of fuels. Air traffic is adversely affected by bad weather like fog and storms. It is the only mode of transport to reach the most remote and distant areas especially where there are no roads and railways. Helicopters are extremely useful in most inaccessible areas and in time of calamities for rescuing people and distributing food, water, clothes and medicines. Some of the important airports are Delhi, Mumbai, New York, London, Paris, Frankfurt and Cairo.
26. Define Communication.
Answer: Communication is the process of conveying messages to others. With the development of technology, humans have devised new and fast modes of communication.
27. Today’s world is shrinking. Explain the statement.
Answer: Today’s world is shrinking because of the better means of transportation and communication. People can communicate with anyone across the world while they are sitting at their home and can cover the longest distances within the shortest period of time. This has enabled people to easily get in contact with each other and has made the world well connected.
Fill in the blanks
28. People in deserts or deep forests live in temporary settlements.
29. In regions of heavy rainfall houses have slanting roofs.
30. Flyovers are built over raised structures.
31. The Trans-Siberian railways connect St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.
32. The place where building or a settlement develops is called site.
33. Communication is the process of conveying messages to others.
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