Unit 3: Information and Communication Technology Skills (Brain Developers)
Brain Developers
Section 1: Objective Type Questions (Solved)
A. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. The final output available to a user on the monitor is known as ________.
a) Hardcopy
b) Software
c) Softcopy
d) Bytes
Answer: c) Softcopy
2. The component which is responsible for all mathematical calculations and logical operations of a computer is called __________.
a) ALU
b) CU
c) MU
d) ROM
Answer: a) ALU
3. The type of ROM which can have its contents erased by ultraviolet light is called ___________.
a) PROM
b) EPROM
c) EEPROM
d) Flash memory
Answer: b) EPROM
4. Which of the following is not an I/O device?
a) Printer
b) CPU
c) Plotter
d) Scanner
Answer: b) CPU
5. Which device scans images, documents, and saves them on a computer as a digital image?
a) MICR
b) Joystick
c) Scanner
d) Plotter
Answer: c) Scanner
6. The full form of Cc in E-mail is _________.
a) Copy cat
b) Copy content
c) Cannot copy
d) Carbon copy
Answer: d) Carbon copy
7. A ____________ is the interface between a user and the World Wide Web.
a) Web site
b) Web server
c) Web portal
d) Web browser
Answer: d) Web browser
8. Deleted E-mails are stored in __________.
a) Trash
b) Spam
c) Inbox
d) Draft
Answer: a) Trash
9. ____________ is a free video sharing website, where videos on all subjects and topics can be found.
a) Twitter
b) Facebook
c) YouTube
d) WhatsApp
Answer: c) YouTube
10. Data is temporarily stored in _____________.
a) ROM
b) Hard Disk
c) DVD
d) RAM
Answer: d) RAM
B. Fill in the Blanks:
1. A microprocessor is a type of integrated circuit, built on a tiny piece of silicon.
2. Blue-violet laser beam is used to read and write a Blue-ray disk.
3. Bar code is a combination of dark and light stripes printed on the packing of various products.
4. The picture of a monitor is made up of thousands of small coloured dots called pixels.
5. Peripheral devices are all hardware components that are attached to a computer and are controlled by the computer system.
6. B in Bcc stands for Blind.
7. Drum plotter is used to produce continuous output such as plotting earthquake activities.
8. CU acts as the nervous system for a computer.
9. The primary use of ROM is during the booting process.
10. Cache is a very high speed memory which stores frequently used instructions.
C. State True or False:
1. Operating system is a very important application software. (False)
Correct Answer: Operating system is a very important software.
2. An LCD monitor allows the user to input information by touching the icons on the screen. (False)
Correct Answer: A touch screen monitor allows the user to input information by touching the icons on the screen.
3. GUI stands for Graphical User Interface. (True)
4. Nibble is a group of 8 bits. (False)
Correct Answer: Nibble is a group of 4 bits.
5. Light pen is a light sensitive pointing device. (True)
6. Primary memory is used to store large amounts of information. (False)
Correct Answer: Secondary memory is used to store large amounts of information.
7. Subscribers use Facebook to communicate and broadcast short messages called Tweets. (False)
Correct Answer: Subscribers use Twitter to communicate and broadcast short messages called Tweets.
8. E-mail address is a unique identifier of your e-mail account. (True)
9. URL stands for Uniform Resourceful Location. (False)
Correct Answer: URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
Section 2: Theory Questions (Solved)
1. What do you mean by Social Media? What is the purpose of using a social networking website?
Answer: A Social Media is an online platform that facilitates the building of social networks or social relations among people who share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections. Social networking can be done for social purposes, business purposes, or both.
2. What is the function of CPU of a computer? Explain its three components
Answer: CPU stands for Central Processing Unit and is also known as the brain of a computer. The CPU receives data from the user as input, interprets and executes it, and presents the output as information. The CPU has three main components:
• The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) carries out the basic calculations and comparison operations on the data.
• The Control Unit (CU) controls and coordinates the functions of the various devices attached to the CPU.
• The memory unit (MU), is the principal storage of a computer that can store the data and instructions either temporarily or permanently.
3. What is an operating system? Discuss any two functions of operating system.
Answer: It is a program that acts as an interface between the software and the computer hardware. It is a specialised set of programs to manage the overall functioning of a computer and its resources. The main functions of operating system are:
• Processor Management: An operating system manages the working of the processor by allocating various jobs to it.
• Memory Management: An operating system manages the sharing of internal memory among multiple applications.
4. What do you mean by DOS? Why is it known as a CUI?
Answer: Disk Operating System (DOS) is a type of system software that runs from a hard disk drive. It is known as a CUI (Character User Interface) because it allows a user to type the commands at its prompt (For example, C:\>) for every action to be performed on the computer.
5. Briefly explain the application of computers in the fields of banking and library.
Answer:
• Banking: In the banking sector, computers provide a lot of facilities to the customers. Using online banking, you can check your past transactions. Money can be transferred to any account across the globe. Internet banking also allows you to use ATM or debit card to shop, buy tickets, pay bills for utility services, like electricity, telephone, and post-paid mobiles. You can even subscribe to free monthly bank account statements and apply online to open fixed deposits.
• Library: A computer helps to maintain the records of the issue and deposit date of books, encyclopaedias, CDs etc. It also helps in indexing and searching for a particular book. Various magazines and journals can be read online.
6. What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
Answer:
• RAM
→ Random Access Memory is volatile i.e., the memory is temporary.
→ We can read and write the data present in the RAM.
→ RAM stores the application programs.
→ The types of RAM are SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, and DDR.
• ROM
→ Read Only Memory is non-volatile i.e., the memory is permanent.
→ We can only read the data present in ROM.
→ ROM stores the initial program to start a computer.
→ The types of ROM are PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and Flash memory.
7. What is the need of secondary memory?
Answer: Secondary memory is used to store a large amounts of data and instructions permanently. The main memory of a computer is temporary, expensive and has limited storage capacity. Therefore, data has to be stored separately in a secondary back up device. This will keep the information permanent and accessible for longer duration of time.
8. Explain the difference between EPROM and EEPROM.
Answer:
• EPROM
→ The contents can be erased using ultraviolet rays and then reprogrammed by an EPROM programmer.
→ While erasing contents by using ultraviolet rays, the entire content has to be erased.
→ The chip needs to be physically removed from the system for erasing the bits.
• EEPROM
→ In this type of ROM the contents can be erased by using high voltage electricity.
→ The entire content may not be erased as it has the option to delete selective portions of memory.
→ The chip does not need to be physically removed from the system for erasing the bits.
9. What do you specify in the Cc-field of an E-mail?
Answer: While composing an E-mail, you specify the address of the persons to whom you want to send a copy of the mail. E-mail address(es) mentioned in this field are visible to all the recipients of the mail.
10. Write the full form of PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, SRAM and DRAM.
Answer:
PROM - Programmable Read Only Memory
EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM - Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
SRAM - Static Random Access Memory
DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory
11. What is Blu-ray disk? Briefly state its features.
Answer: Blu-ray disk is a next generation optical disk format which enables the ultimate high definition entertainment experience. It gets its name from the blue-violet laser which is used to read and write this disk. It has large storage capacity of 25 GB single layer and 50 GB dual layer. It is robust in nature and is used to record and playback high quality picture and audio. It has a maximum picture resolution of 1080p to provide high definition picture quality. It is also compatible with the existing DVD libraries.
12. Which technology is used in a Laser printer? What are its basic features?
Answer: Laser printers use photocopy technology to print. They use a laser beam and dry powdered ink to produce a high quality dot matrix pattern. They can print graphic images too. They are ideally used when good quality and large scale printing is required. The resolution is very high, approximately 600-1200 dots per inch.
13. What is an operating system? Name the major functions of the operating system.
Answer: An operating system is a system software that acts as an interface between the computer and the user. The computer interprets all the instructions given to it through the Operating System, It is the master program which helps to run different applications in the computer. Some of the major functions of an operating system are:
• Processor Management
• Device Management
• Memory Management
Section 3: Application Based Questions (Solved)
1. Deepak wants to share some pictures of his holidays in Shimla with his uncle who lives in Canada, through a computer. Which input device should he use?
Answer: He should use Scanner.
2. Suppose you have assembled a computer for the first time. After assembling all the parts successfully, which will be the first software to be installed into the computer?
Answer: Operating system is the first software to be installed into the computer.
3. Everyday Goods super market uses an input device to sense and read the black stripes present on the items for billing purposes. Which device is it?
Answer: Bar Code Reader
4. While working on Windows, Reena has accidentally deleted some files from her computer. Can they be retrieved? If yes, where should she find them?
Answer: Yes, she can find them in the Recycle Bin.
Section 4: Application Based Questions (Unsolved)
1. I am a component of CPU which performs logical operations. Identify me.
Answer: Arithmetic and Logic Unit
2. An important conference is going on in an office. During the conference, the manager wants 100 copies of high quality printout of an important circular. Which type of printer should he use?
Answer: Non-impact Printers
3. My Mom has phone numbers of all her friends. She wants to share her recipes along with food photos with all her friends. What type of messaging service should she use?
Answer: WhatsApp
4. Rishabh wants to explore various types of travelling videos for his travel portal. Which website should he use?
Answer: YouTube
5. Mr. Sharma wants to send an e-mail to his boss. At the same time he wants to send a copy of the same to his colleague but doesn’t want his boss to know about that. What should he do now?
Answer: He should use Bcc (Blind Carbon Copy) for sending a copy to his colleague without the receiver to see the recipient’s addresses.
Section 5: Short Answer Type Questions (Unsolved):
1. What are the three components of a CPU?
Answer: Three components of a CPU are ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit), MU (Memory Unit) and CU (Control Unit).
2. Define register.
Answer: A register is a very small data holding place in a computer processor. It holds an instruction, storage address or data.
3. Name two types of primary memory.
Answer: Two types of primary memory are ROM (non-volatile) and RAM (volatile).
4. Which unit is used to measure the speed of CPU?
Answer: The speed of CPU is measured in gigahertz (GHz).
5. What is DOS?
Answer: Disk Operating System (DOS) is a type of system software that runs from a hard disk drive. It is known as a CUI (Character User Interface).
6. Define Desktop.
Answer: The desktop is the first screen of Windows that appears when the computer is switched on.
7. What is Social Media?
Answer: A Social Media is an online platform that facilitates the building of social networks or social relations among people who share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections.
8. Define System Software.
Answer: System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
9. Name two types of Impact Printers.
Answer: Two types of Impact Printers are Daisy Wheel Printers and Dot-Matrix Printers.
10. What is Recycle Bin?
Answer: The Recycle Bin is used by Windows computers to store deleted items. It temporarily stores files and folders before they are permanently deleted.
Section 6: Long Answer Type Questions (Unsolved):
1. Mention some of the ICT tools being used in the field of education.
Answer: Some of the ICT tools being used in the field of education are mobile phone, tablet, interactive whiteboards, e-readers, radio etc.
2. What is the role of ICT in governance?
Answer: ICT has resulted in providing many government services online, such as processing of documents like licenses, collection of taxes, exchange of information with citizens and other government departments. ICT also provides a platform for interaction between the government and people through government websites and apps. Services, like tax payment, ordering LPG cylinder, enrolling for the electoral processes, paying water and land bills, finding information about various government schemes has been made possible because of ICT.
3. What is primary memory? Mention its types.
Answer: Every computer has a certain amount of memory, usually referred to as the main memory, this is also called primary or internal memory. Primary memory is the place where data and programs are stored temporarily as long as they are being executed. It is very fast and expensive but has limited storage capacity. There are two types of primary memory
• RAM (Random Access Memory)
• ROM (Read Only Memory)
4. What is the difference between CRT, LCD and LED monitor?
Answer:
• CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors: In these monitors, a beam of electrons lights up the pixels, which form the inner coating of the screen. Colour is achieved by combining Red, Blue and Green. They are bulky and occupy a lot of space.
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitors: These monitors are thinner and lighter than CRT monitors. They use the light modulating properties of Liquid Crystals. They display sharp images and require less power to run.
• LED (Light-emitting diode) monitor: These monitors have light emitting diodes that act as performance boosters in them. LED monitor offer better colour quality, clarity and display than the LCD monitor. These monitors are flat, thinner, and lighter in weight. It consumes very low power and is used in mobile, watch, tablets etc.
5. What is Cache memory? What are its advantages?
Answer: Cache memory is a special high speed memory which can either be inserted on a motherboard or made a part of CPU. The CPU uses cache memory to store instructions that are repeatedly required to run programs, thus improving overall speed. Cache is much more expensive than RAM but it is well worth getting a CPU and motherboard with inbuilt cache memory in order to maximise the system performance.
6. What is the difference between primary memory and secondary memory?
Answer:
• Primary memory: Every computer has a certain amount of memory usually referred to as the main memory. It stores data and programs temporarily as long as they are being executed. It is fast and expensive but has limited storage capacity. Example: RAM, ROM
• Secondary memory: It provides permanent storage of data in huge amounts. Whenever required, the data for processing gets transferred from the secondary memory to the primary memory. The speed of retrieval of data from external memory is much slower than that of the internal memory. Example: Hard disk, Pen drive etc.
7. Mention some of the good and bad effects of the internet.
Answer:
• Good effects of the internet: Effective communication, Banking and shopping online, Business interaction and transactions, Improving education etc.
• Bad effects of the internet: Virus threat, Spamming, Cyber Crime, Cyber Terrorism etc.
8. What do you understand by an e-mail? List any two advantages of e-mail.
Answer: E-mail allows us to communicate quickly with people around the world at any time. E-mail is an economical mode of communication. It facilitates you to send the same message to many people at the same time. Two advantages of e-mail are
• Messages are sent and received instantly.
• E-mails never get lost and do not reach the wrong destination.
9. How to create an e-mail account?
Answer:
• Connect to Internet. Open website www.gmail.com.
• Click on the create account link and proceed to the next page.
• A registration form will appear. Fill the registration form, choose a username and password.
• Accept the agreement. An e-mail account gets created if all the entries have been filled properly.
10. What do you understand by Social Networking? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
Answer: Social networks are websites and apps that allow users and organizations to connect, communicate, share information and form relationships. Social networking can be done for social purposes, business purposes, or both.
• Advantages:
→ Easier to Connect
→ Create New Connection
→ Free Business Promotion
• Disadvantages:
→ Cyber Bulling
→ Addiction
→ Misleading Information
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